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The Arab Investment and Export Credit Guarantee Corporation (Dhaman)

Non-honoring of Sovereign Financial Obligations Policy

Instrument description

The Arab Investment and Export Credit Guarantee Corporation (Dhaman) is a multinational organization that provides guarantee services against commercial and non-commercial risks in Arab countries. Dhaman is owned by the governments of Arab states and four Arab financial institutions.

Dhaman offers a Non-honoring of Sovereign Financial Obligations (NHSFO) policy as a special coverage for financial institutions that provide loans to sovereign and sub-sovereign entities for infrastructure projects and other development projects in Arab countries.

The NHSFO policy protects the lender against losses caused by the payment defaults of borrowing sovereign or sub-sovereign entities. Covered payment obligations include direct repayment of loans and payments associated with guarantees provided to state-owned enterprises or a public-private joint venture. By using the NHFSO policy, the lending institution transfers risks to Dhaman and achieves capital relief to fund further projects.

Eligible projects and transactions

Financing of infrastructure projects and other development-oriented investments.

Eligible regions

Member countries of Dhaman: Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, Mauritania, Morocco, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen.

Key features

  • Size of coverage: 90 per cent of principal and interest
  • Tenor of coverage: Up to 15 years

Direct Investment Insurance: Political Risk Insurance

Instrument description

The Arab Investment and Export Credit Guarantee Corporation (Dhaman) is a multinational organization that provides guarantee services against commercial and non-commercial risks in Arab countries. Dhaman is owned by the governments of Arab states and four Arab financial institutions.

Dhaman runs the Arab Investment Insurance Scheme that encourages Arab and non-Arab investors to invest in Dhaman member countries. The scheme provides Political Risk Insurance to investors, financiers and contractors. One or several of the following risks can be covered:

  • Expropriation, including confiscation, nationalization, elimination of ownership rights and control, creeping expropriation
  • Currency inconvertibility and transfer restrictions
  • War and civil disturbance, including revolution, coup, insurrections, terrorism and sabotage
  • Breach of contract

Eligible projects and transactions

Diverse investments are eligible for Dhaman’s investment insurance scheme:

  • Arab and non-Arab cross-border investments, renewal or expansion of existing investments, equity and portfolio investments for a period of up to 10 years with a possible extension for an additional five years.
  • Contracting projects implemented in Arab member countries where the equipment is imported from outside of the project country.
  • Shareholder loans and commercial bank loans that relate to the project covered by Dhaman, provided the loans have terms of at least three years.

Eligible regions

Member countries of Dhaman: Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, Mauritania, Morocco, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen.

Key features

  • Size of coverage: 90 per cent of incurred loss.
  • Tenor of coverage: 10 years, and possible extension to 15 years if justified by the nature of the project.
  • Contract termination: The policyholder may reduce or cancel the coverage on any contract anniversary date. Dhaman cannot terminate the contract unless the policyholder does not pay the premium or an insured risk occurs.

Loan Insurance Contract

Instrument Description

The Arab Investment & Export Credit Guarantee Corporation (Dhaman) is a multinational organization that provides guarantee services against commercial and non-commercial risks. Dhaman is owned by the governments of Arab states and four Arab financial institutions.

The loan insurance contract covers loans for investment and development projects provided by an Arab or joint Arab–foreign banks eligible for Dhaman’s guarantee. If an insured risk occurs, Dhaman compensates the insured bank at an average rate of 90 per cent of the loss value.

Eligible Projects and Transactions

The loan Insurance Contract applies to shareholder loans and regular loans provided by a commercial bank that finances an investment or development project covered by Dhaman. Dhaman decides the eligibility of each contract on a case-by-case basis.

Eligible Regions

Member countries of Dhaman: Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, Mauritania, Morocco, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen.

Key Features

  • Tenor of coverage: Contract validity of the loan insurance is concurrent to the repayment schedule of the loan. The tenor of the loan must exceed three years.

Credit and Political Risks Re-insurance

Instrument Description

The Arab Investment & Export Credit Guarantee Corporation (Dhaman) is a multinational organization that provides guarantee services against commercial and non-commercial risks. Dhaman is owned by the governments of Arab states and four Arab financial institutions.

Public and private export credit agencies and insurance companies that have insured certain client risks have access to credit and political risk re-insurance or co-insurance instruments through Dhaman’s underwriting capacities.

Covered risks include:

  • Commercial and/or political risks for export credit
  • Political risk for cross border investment

Eligible Projects and Transactions

  • Export of goods or services from member countries
  • Import of strategic goods or equipment of non-Arab origin
  • Cross-border investments led by Arab countries

Eligible Regions

Member countries of Dhaman: Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, Mauritania, Morocco, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and .

For the export of goods and services from Dhaman member countries: global coverage and decision on a case by case basis.

Eligible Countries

  • Flag of Algeria
    Algeria
  • Flag of Bahrain
    Bahrain
  • Flag of Djibouti
    Djibouti
  • Flag of Egypt
    Egypt
  • Flag of Gaza Strip
    Gaza Strip
  • Flag of Iraq
    Iraq
  • Flag of Jordan
    Jordan
  • Flag of Kuwait
    Kuwait
  • Flag of Lebanon
    Lebanon
  • Flag of Libya
    Libya
  • Flag of Mauritania
    Mauritania
  • Flag of Morocco
    Morocco
  • Flag of Oman
    Oman
  • Flag of Qatar
    Qatar
  • Flag of Saudi Arabia
    Saudi Arabia
  • Flag of Somalia
    Somalia
  • Flag of Sudan
    Sudan
  • Flag of Tunisia
    Tunisia
  • Flag of United Arab Emirates
    United Arab Emirates
  • Flag of West Bank
    West Bank
  • Flag of Yemen
    Yemen