Ingrid Visseren-Hamakers is combining writing for IISD with her position as Assistant Professor at the Forest and Nature Conservation Policy Group at Wageningen University in the Netherlands. Her research programme revolves around international forest, nature and biodiversity governance. Current research themes include the relationships between and effectiveness of different (public and private) international policies, partnerships, certification, sustainable tourism, and REDD+. Ingrid holds a Ph.D. in Environmental Studies from Utrecht University and MSc degrees in Business Administration and Environmental Studies. She has previously worked for Greenpeace as a forest campaigner.