Previous sections focused on the substantive provisions found in RTIAs. This section, by contrast, focuses on the way in which RTIAs are negotiated, implemented and monitored at the national level, and the institutions necessary to do so. These process elements associated with RTIAs should contribute positively to their achieving desirable environmental outcomes. This chapter surveys the following:

• The negotiating mandate
• Provisions for environmental impact assessments of trade agreements
• Public participation
• Review and reporting